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Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Article, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry called N1-Substituted benzimidazole scaffold for farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonists accompanying prominent selectivity against vitamin D receptor (VDR), Author is Masuda, Arisa; Gohda, Keigo; Iguchi, Yusuke; Fujimori, Ko; Yamashita, Yukiko; Oda, Keisuke; Une, Mizuho; Teno, Naoki, which mentions a compound: 144222-22-0, SMILESS is NCC1CCN(C(OC(C)(C)C)=O)CC1, Molecular C11H22N2O2, Electric Literature of C11H22N2O2.

As a cellular bile acid sensor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) participates in regulation of bile acid, lipid and glucose homeostasis, and liver protection. With respect to the bone metabolism, FXR pos. regulates bone metabolism through both bone formation and resorption of the bone remodeling pathways. Some of FXR agonists possessing isoxazole moiety are undergoing clin. trials for the treatment of non-alc. steatohepatitis. To date, therefore, the activation of FXR leads to considerable interest in FXR as potential therapeutic targets. We have identified a series of nonsteroidal FXR agonists bearing N1-Me benzimidazole and isoxazole moieties that are bridged with aromatic derivatives They showed affinity to FXR, but also weak affinity toward the vitamin D receptor (VDR) that involves regulation of calcium and phosphate homeostasis and is activated by bile acids. The deployment of FXR agonists without activity against VDR as off-target is therefore crucial in the development of FXR ligands. Our efforts focusing on increasing the agonist properties towards FXR led to the discovery of 19, which activates FXR at and below nanomolar levels (EC50 = 26.5 ± 10.5 nM TR-FRET and 0.8 ± 0.2 nM luciferase, resp.) and functions as a FXR agonist: the affinity toward FXR over eight nuclear receptors, including VDR [IC50 (VDR) / EC50 (FXR) > 5000] and TGR5, effects FXR target genes, and activates bone morphogenetic protein-2-induced differentiation of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell-like ST2 cells into osteoblast.

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Electric Literature of C3H4Br2O2. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: 2,3-Dibromopropionic acid, is researched, Molecular C3H4Br2O2, CAS is 600-05-5, about Molecular structure by two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. Author is Freeman, R..

Two examples are presented of the use of two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy to solve mol. structure problems. The first is called correlation spectroscopy (COSY) and it allows us to disentangle a complex network of spin-spin couplings. By dispersing the NMR information in two frequency dimensions, it facilitates the anal. of very complex spectra of organic and biochem. mols., normally too crowded to be tractable. The second application exploits the special properties of multiple-quantum coherence to explore the mol. framework one C-C linkage at a time. The natural product panamine is used as a test example; with some supplementary evidence, the structure of this six-ringed heterocyclic mol. is elucidated from the double-quantum filtered two-dimensional spectrum.

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Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 144222-22-0, is researched, SMILESS is NCC1CCN(C(OC(C)(C)C)=O)CC1, Molecular C11H22N2O2Journal, Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t, Research Support, U.S. Gov’t, Non-P.H.S., Journal of the American Chemical Society called Discovery, X-ray Crystallography and Antiviral Activity of Allosteric Inhibitors of Flavivirus NS2B-NS3 Protease, Author is Yao, Yuan; Huo, Tong; Lin, Yi-Lun; Nie, Shenyou; Wu, Fangrui; Hua, Yuanda; Wu, Jingyu; Kneubehl, Alexander R.; Vogt, Megan B.; Rico-Hesse, Rebecca; Song, Yongcheng, the main research direction is piperidin pyrazin synthesis antiviral NS2B NS3 protease Flavivirus infection.Application of 144222-22-0.

Flaviviruses, including dengue, West Nile and recently emerged Zika virus, are important human pathogens, but there are no drugs to prevent or treat these viral infections. The highly conserved Flavivirus NS2B-NS3 protease is essential for viral replication and therefore a drug target. Compound screening followed by medicinal chem. yielded a series of drug-like, broadly active inhibitors of Flavivirus proteases with IC50 as low as 120 nM. The inhibitor exhibited significant antiviral activities in cells (EC68: 300-600 nM) and in a mouse model of Zika virus infection. X-ray studies reveal that the inhibitors bind to an allosteric, mostly hydrophobic pocket of dengue NS3 and hold the protease in an open, catalytically inactive conformation. The inhibitors and their binding structures would be useful for rational drug development targeting Zika, dengue and other Flaviviruses.

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The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Catalytic activity of acids. Evaluation of the activities of the hydrogen ion and the undissociated acid》. Authors are Dawson, H. M.; Powis, F..The article about the compound:2,3-Dibromopropionic acidcas:600-05-5,SMILESS:O=C(O)C(Br)CBr).Category: piperidines. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:600-05-5) is conveyed.

The catalytic activities of HCl, CCl2CO2H, CHClCOOH, α,β-dibromopropionic acid and HOAc on the velocity of the keto-enol transformation of acetone have been measured. The results obtained were entirely at variance with the theory that the catalyzing activity of an acid is determined by its H-ion concentrate, but were in good agreement with the view that both non-ionized mols. and ions take part in the acceleration, the actual catalytic effect being additively composed of the effects due to the two components. The activity of the non-ionized acid diminishes rapidly as its tendency to ionize decreases, as is shown by the numbers which express the activities of the mols. in terms of that of H+ ion: HCl, 1.77; CCl2CO2H, 0.50; α,β-dibromopropionic acid, 0.152; CHClCO2H, 0.056; HOAc, 0.0034. It does not seem possible to say whether these ratios are independent of the nature of the reaction catalyzed.

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The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: 1-Boc-4-(Aminomethyl)piperidine( cas:144222-22-0 ) is researched.COA of Formula: C11H22N2O2.Rabal, Obdulia; Sanchez-Arias, Juan A.; Cuadrado-Tejedor, Mar; de Miguel, Irene; Perez-Gonzalez, Marta; Garcia-Barroso, Carolina; Ugarte, Ana; Estella-Hermoso de Mendoza, Ander; Saez, Elena; Espelosin, Maria; Ursua, Susana; Haizhong, Tan; Wei, Wu; Musheng, Xu; Garcia-Osta, Ana; Oyarzabal, Julen published the article 《Discovery of in Vivo Chemical Probes for Treating Alzheimer’s Disease: Dual Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) and Class I Histone Deacetylase Selective Inhibitors》 about this compound( cas:144222-22-0 ) in ACS Chemical Neuroscience. Keywords: sildenafil vardenafil orthoaminoanilide synthesis antiAlzheimer SAR PDE5 histone deacetylase; Alzheimer’s disease; PDE5 inhibition; chemical probes; class I HDAC selective inhibition; dual inhibitors; in vivo test. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:144222-22-0).

In order to determine the contributions of histone deacetylase (HDAC) isoforms to the beneficial effects of dual phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) and pan-HDAC inhibitors on in vivo models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), we have designed, synthesized, and tested novel chem. probes with the desired target compound profile of PDE5 and class I HDAC selective inhibitors. Compared to previous hydroxamate-based series, these mols. exhibit longer residence times on HDACs. In this scenario, shorter or longer preincubation times may have a significant impact on the IC50 values of these compounds and therefore on their corresponding selectivity profiles on the different HDAC isoforms. On the other hand, different chem. series have been explored and, as expected, some pairwise comparisons show a clear impact of the scaffold on biol. responses. The lead identification process led to compound I, which shows an adequate ADME-Tox profile and in vivo target engagement (histone acetylation and cAMP/cGMP response element-binding (CREB) phosphorylation) in the central nervous system (CNS), suggesting that this compound represents an optimized chem. probe; thus, I has been assayed in a mouse model of AD (Tg2576).

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The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Reduction of arylsulfamides by hydriodic acid》. Authors are Fischer, Emil.The article about the compound:2,3-Dibromopropionic acidcas:600-05-5,SMILESS:O=C(O)C(Br)CBr).Computed Properties of C3H4Br2O2. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:600-05-5) is conveyed.

As the arylsulfo derivatives of organic bases, NH2 acids, etc., are generally difficultly soluble in H2O, they are often well adapted for the isolation of such bases but the regeneration of the base offers great difficulty, long heating with HCl at high temperatures being necessary. On attempting to use fuming HI for this purpose, it was found that N is split off and the sulfo group is reduced to SH, the reaction being smooth and rapid if the I set free is again reduced by the addition of PH4I and the operation is carried out in sealed vessels at 70-100°. The reaction may be represented thus: RSO2NH2 + 7HI = RSH + NH4I + 6I + 2H2O. The reaction is especially well adapted to the isolation of active NH2 acids. Sulfonyl chlorides are likewise sensitive towards HI, while the free SO2H acids or their esters are not attacked. Com. HI (d. 1.96), which had been decolorized by shaking with PH4I, was used; the small amount of PH4I remaining dissolved can be removed by means of traces of I. From 5 g. p-MeC6H4SO2NH2 in 50 cc. HI and 7 g. PH4I heated with frequent shaking at 80-5° until the solution no longer becomes colored on standing quietly (25-30 mins., especially if the temperature is raised to 100° towards the end), there is obtained 3.1 g. MeC6H4SH. In the absence of PH4I, 2 g. amide heated in 20 cc. HI 1 hr. at 100° gave 1.2 g. (MeC6H4S)2 and 6.4 g. I. In the same way was obtained a good yield of PhSH from PhSO2NH2, of MeC6H4SH and PhNH2 from MeC6H4SO2NHPh and of MeC6H4SH from MeC6H4SO2NHCH2CO2H. 5 g. p-toluenesulfo-d-phenylalanine yields 1.05 g. mercaptan and 1.5 g. d-phenylalanine with [α]D17 33.4° (2% aqueous solution), the yield being therefore almost quant. and the product quite pure optically (the purest d-phenylalanine shows [α]D 35.08°). β-C10H7SH is likewise obtained from PhCH2CH(NHSO2C10H7)CO2Et. Sodium di-(p-toluenesulfo)-l-tyrosine, MeC6H4SO3C6H4CH2CH-(NHSO2C6H4Me)CO2Na.2H2O, obtained in 22 g. yield from 9 g. l-tyrosine. ([α]D19 -8.0° in 21% HCl) in 100 cc. of 2 N NaOH treated with 38 g. MeC6H4SO2Cl in 100 cc. Et2O, shaken 1 hr., again treated with 100 cc. of NaOH, again shaken 2 hrs., filtered and recrystallized from 1 l. of b. 35% alc., microscopic, 4-sided platelets from H2O; free acid (a), slender prisms from dilute alc., does not give sharp analytical results but with alk. MeI yields the N-methyl derivative, needles or prisms from 50% alc., sinters 150°, m. 162-3°, [α]D21 23.34° in alc. 3 g. of (a) heated at 100° with HI and PH4I yields 0.75 g. MeC6H4SH and 1.7 g. o-[p-toluenesulfo]-l-tyrosine, needles, [α]D17 -4.58° in N HCl, -11.68° in N NaOH, sinters 180°, m. about 218° (decompose) on rapid heating, does not give the Millon test. p-MeC6H4SO2Cl is more easily reduced by HI than the amide, reaction taking place at room temperature, although it is slow on account of the slight solubility of the chloride; with 3 g. chloride, 30 cc. HI and 5 g. PH4I, the reaction is complete in 30 min. at 50-5°. Saccharin is attacked only very slowly, only 0.06 g. I being liberated in 1 hr. at 100° instead of the calculate 8.3 g. p-MeC6H4SO3H dissolves in warm HI without color and seps. unchanged on cooling; its Et ester is merely hydrolyzed. PhCH2SO3H is unchanged while 5 g. of the amide in 25 cc. HI and 7 g. PH4I, heated 45 min. at 85-90° and 30 min. at 100°, gave H2S, 2.7 g. PhCH2I and small amounts of higher b. products; PhCH2SH was not detected. 3 g. BzNH2, after 1 hr. at 100° in 35 cc. HI, gave 1.5 g. unchanged BzNH2, 0.55 g. BzOH and NH3.

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In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Spin-echo method for measuring relaxation times in twoline NMR [nuclear magnetic resonance] spectra, published in 1961, which mentions a compound: 600-05-5, Name is 2,3-Dibromopropionic acid, Molecular C3H4Br2O2, Recommanded Product: 600-05-5.

cf. Meiboom and Gill, CA 54, 16196a. A scheme is presented for separating spin-echo measurements of the individual lines in a 2-line spectrum by adjusting the radio-frequency (rf) amplitudes in the pulses so that the magnetization vector associated with the 2nd line returned to its original direction at the end of the pulse. Relatively strong rf amplitudes, which perturbed the 2nd magnetization considerably while the pulse was on, could thus be used. A modified Carr-Purcell spin-echo measurement of T2 of the Me line in MeOH is illustrated. The technique described was useful when the NMR spectrum was due to chem. shifts and the ratio of line width to line separation was relatively large.

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Name: 1-Boc-4-(Aminomethyl)piperidine. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: 1-Boc-4-(Aminomethyl)piperidine, is researched, Molecular C11H22N2O2, CAS is 144222-22-0, about Design, synthesis, and evaluation of “”dual-site””-binding diarylpyrimidines targeting both NNIBP and the NNRTI adjacent site of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Author is Feng, Da; Zuo, Xiaofang; Jing, Lanlan; Chen, Chin-Ho; Olotu, Fisayo A.; Lin, Hao; Soliman, Mahmoud; De Clercq, Erik; Pannecouque, Christophe; Lee, Kuo-Hsiung; Kang, Dongwei; Liu, Xinyong; Zhan, Peng.

To improve the drug-resistance profiles of HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), a novel series of “”dual-site”” binding diarylpyrimidine (DAPY) derivatives I [R1 = H, cyclopropyl, propargyl, etc.] and II [X = 1-R2-piperidin-4-yl, 1-R2-piperidin-4-ylmethyl, 1-R2-pyrrolidin-3-yl; R2 = methylsulfonyl, trifluoromethylsulfonyl, trifluoromethylcarbonyl, etc.] targeting both the NNRTI adjacent site and NNRTIs binding pocket (NNIBP) were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anti-HIV potency in TZM-bl and MT-4 cells. Eight compounds I and II exhibited moderate to excellent potencies in inhibiting wild-type (WT) HIV-1 replication with EC50 values ranging from 2.45 nM to 5.36 nM, and I [R1 = propargylamino] (EC50 = 2.45 nM) proved to be the most promising inhibitor. Of note, I [R1 = propargylamino] exhibited potent activity against the single mutant strain E138K (EC50 = 10.6 nM), being comparable with ETR (EC50 = 9.80 nM) and 3.5-fold more potent than that of morpholino pyrimidine compound (EC50 = 37.3 nM). Moreover, I [R1 = propargylamino] acted as a classical NNRTI with high affinity for WT HIV-1 RT (IC50 = 0.0589μM). The detailed structure-activity relationships (SARs) of the representative compounds were also determined, and further supported by mol. dynamics simulation. Overall, the “”dual-site””-binding NNRTIs have significant prospects and pave the way for the next round of rational design of potent anti-HIV-1 agents.

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Computed Properties of C11H21NO3. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: tert-Butyl ((1S,2S)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate, is researched, Molecular C11H21NO3, CAS is 145166-06-9, about Synthesis of enantiopure N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-2-aminocycloalkanones.

A route to enantiomerically pure N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-2-aminocycloalkanones I (n = 1-4) from the corresponding cycloalkene oxides is described. The procedure involves (1) aminolysis of the cycloalkene oxides with (S)-α-methylbenzylamine/Me3Al and chromatog. separation of diastereomers, (2) hydrogenolysis to afford the trans-2-aminocycloalkanols II, (3) tert-butoxycarbonyl protection, and (4) PCC oxidation

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Chandrasekhar, K.; Kumar, Anil published the article 《Two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy of connected transitions by linear combination of flip angle dependent COSY: an alternative scheme for E. COSY》. Keywords: NMR spectroscopy correlated pulse scheme; bromopropionic acid NMR; thienylpyridine NMR.They researched the compound: 2,3-Dibromopropionic acid( cas:600-05-5 ).Application In Synthesis of 2,3-Dibromopropionic acid. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocyclic and fused heterocyclic. In addition, there is a lot of other information about this compound (cas:600-05-5) here.

An alternative pulse scheme which simplifies and improves the recently proposed P.E.COSY (primitive correlated spectroscopy) experiment is suggested for the retention of connected or unconnected transitions in a coupled spin system. An important feature of the proposed pulse scheme is the improved phase characteristics of the diagonal peaks. A comparison of various experiments designed for this purpose, namely COSY-45, E.COSY (exclusive correlated spectroscopy), P.E.COSY, and the present scheme of alternative exclusive correlated spectroscopy (A.E.COSY), is presented. The suppression of unconnected transitions and the measurement of scalar coupling constants and their relative signs are illustrated for A.E.COSY spectra of 2,3-dibromopropionic acid and 2-(2-thienyl)pyridine.

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