Heterocyclic Building Blocks-piperidine

Synthesis and antimicrobial studies of a novel series of piperazine chalcones was written by Shah, N. N. S.;Ziauddin, Hanfi M.;Zameer, Mohammed;Kendre, M. M.;Dhole, J. A.;Baseer, M. A.. And the article was included in Chemica Sinica in 2011.Category: piperazines This article mentions the following:

A series of novel chalcones were synthesized via Claisen-Schmidt condensation of substituted ketones and 4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)benzaldehyde. These newly synthesized compounds were characterized by phys., chem. and spectral anal. data and are further screened for their antimicrobial activity. The newly synthesized chalcones showed moderate to good antimicrobial activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)benzaldehyde (cas: 27913-99-1Category: piperazines).

4-(4-Methylpiperazin-1-yl)benzaldehyde (cas: 27913-99-1) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Industrial applications of piperazine include the manufacture of plastics, resins, pesticides and brake fluids. Piperazine is formed as a co-product in the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine. These are the only routes to the chemical used commercially.Category: piperazines

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Simultaneous determination of multi-class antibiotics and steroid hormones drugs in livestock and poultry faeces using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was written by Wang, Kewen;Wang, Xue;Xu, Zhenzhen;Yang, Shuming. And the article was included in Food Additives & Contaminants, Part A in 2020.Formula: C19H20F3N3O3 This article mentions the following:

A method for simultaneous determination of multi-class antibiotics and steroid hormone anal. in faeces of livestock and poultry was developed using liquid chromatog.-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF MS). An inhouse database was built for 156 detected drugs using Personal Compound Database Library software (PCDL) including compound name, monoisotopic mass, chem. formula, RT, chem. structure and three CID MS/MS spectra. The linearity result showed that all the drugs exhibited good linearity with determination coefficients (R2) higher than 0.99. The drug recoveries and their RSDs for all three faeces samples (pig, cattle and chicken) were tested and 81, 96 and 92 drugs were chosen for anal. in pig, cattle and chicken faeces, resp. Further validation showed that 73 veterinary drugs in all three kinds of faeces samples can be quantified in one anal. run. This work shows that qual. and quant. anal. using LC-QTOF MS represents a simple, sensitive, low-cost and high-throughput methodol. in routine laboratory analyses. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Cyclopropyl-7-(cis-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)-5,6,8-trifluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (cas: 113617-63-3Formula: C19H20F3N3O3).

1-Cyclopropyl-7-(cis-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)-5,6,8-trifluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (cas: 113617-63-3) belongs to piperazine derivatives. The piperazine scaffold is often found in biologically active compounds in different therapeutic areas. These therapeutic areas include antifungals, antidepressants, antivirals, and serotonin receptor (5-HT) antagonists/agonists. Piperazine is an anthelminthic especially useful in the treatment of partial intestinal obstruction caused by Ascaris worms, which is a condition primarily seen in children. Piperazine hydrate and piperazine citrate are the main anthelminthic piperazines.Formula: C19H20F3N3O3

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Inhibitory effects of antipsychotics on the contractile response to acetylcholine in rat urinary bladder smooth muscles was written by Obara, Keisuke;Matsuoka, Yuka;Iwata, Naoya;Abe, Yukako;Ikegami, Yohei;Shioda, Nanako;Hattori, Yume;Hamamatsu, Shoko;Yoshioka, Kento;Yamaki, Fumiko;Matsuo, Kazuhiro;Yoshio, Takashi;Tanaka, Yoshio. And the article was included in Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin in 2021.Name: 7-(4-(4-(Benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)butoxy)quinolin-2(1H)-one This article mentions the following:

The clin. applications of antipsychotics for symptoms unrelated to schizophrenia, such as behavioral and psychol. symptoms, in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, and the likelihood of doctors prescribing antipsychotics for elderly people are increasing. In elderly people, drug-induced and aging-associated urinary disorders are likely to occur. The most significant factor causing drug-induced urinary disorders is a decrease in urinary bladder smooth muscle (UBSM) contraction induced by the anticholinergic action of therapeutics. However, the anticholinergic action-associated inhibitory effects of antipsychotics on UBSM contraction have not been sufficiently assessed. In this study, we examined 26 clin. available antipsychotics to determine the extent to which they inhibit acetylcholine (ACh)-induced contraction in rat UBSM to predict the drugs that should not be used by elderly people to avoid urinary disorders. Of the 26 antipsychotics, six (chlorpromazine, levomepromazine (phenothiazines), zotepine (a thiepine), olanzapine, quetiapine, clozapine (multi-acting receptor targeted antipsychotics (MARTAs))) competitively inhibited ACh-induced contractions at concentrations corresponding to clin. significant doses. Further, 11 antipsychotics (perphenazine, fluphenazine, prochlorperazine (phenothiazines), haloperidol, bromperidol, timiperone, spiperone (butyrophenones), pimozide (a diphenylbutylpiperidine), perospirone, blonanserin (serotonin-dopamine antagonists; SDAs), and asenapine (a MARTA)) significantly suppressed ACh-induced contraction; however, suppression occurred at concentrations substantially exceeding clin. achievable blood levels. The remaining nine antipsychotics (pipamperone (a butyrophenone), sulpiride, sultopride, tiapride, nemonapride (benzamides), risperidone, paliperidone (SDAs), aripiprazole, and brexpiprazole (dopamine partial agonists)) did not inhibit ACh-induced contractions at concentrations up to 10-5 M. These findings suggest that chlorpromazine, levomepromazine, zotepine, olanzapine, quetiapine, and clozapine should be avoided by elderly people with urinary disorders. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 7-(4-(4-(Benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)butoxy)quinolin-2(1H)-one (cas: 913611-97-9Name: 7-(4-(4-(Benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)butoxy)quinolin-2(1H)-one).

7-(4-(4-(Benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)butoxy)quinolin-2(1H)-one (cas: 913611-97-9) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine causes primary dermal irritation and skin burns at high concentrations. Piperazine also causes eye irritation in humans. Outside the body, piperazine has a remarkable power to dissolve uric acid and producing a soluble urate, but in clinical experience it has not proved equally successful. Name: 7-(4-(4-(Benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)butoxy)quinolin-2(1H)-one

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Enhanced photodegradation of rifampicin and co-trimoxazole by ZnO/ZnMn₂O₄/ZnS-PVA and its genotoxicity studies on Allium cepa was written by Harini, G.;Syed, Asad;Rahiman, M. Kalil;Bahkali, Ali H.;Elgorban, Abdallah M.;Varma, Rajender S.;Khan, S. Sudheer. And the article was included in Chemosphere in 2022.Quality Control of 8-(n-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)formidoyl)-rifomycins This article mentions the following:

Oxygen vacancies and its associated defect states have a great influence on the electronic and structural aspects of semiconductor photocatalysts, yet there is paucity of investigations about the influence of the defect states on their photocatalytic properties. Herein, this study reports the hierarchical fabrication of oxygen vacancy enriched ZnO/ZnMn₂O₄/ZnS-PVA nanocomposite (NCs) for the enhanced photodegradation of rifampicin and co-trimoxazole. The formation of lattice expansion induced oxygen vacancies and its associated Urbach tail energy, and n-p-n heterojunction-based S-scheme charge transfer path synergistically contributed to the boosted photocatalytic performance of the as prepared NCs. The photocatalytic performance of the nanomaterial towards rifampicin and co-trimoxazole has been determined to be 80% and 90% under visible light irradiation, resp. Furthermore, various operating parameters including the concentration of NCs and drug, pH and interference of various ions have been evaluated. The degraded product intermediates have been elucidated by GC-MS anal. The toxicity of the as-prepared nanomaterials has been evaluated by treating the samples with root tips of Allium cepa, where the NCs was found to be non-toxic. The study provides a new-fangled insight on the preparation and fabrication of non-toxic and defect rich nanomaterials which may help stimulate this area of research. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 8-(n-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)formidoyl)-rifomycins (cas: 13292-46-1Quality Control of 8-(n-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)formidoyl)-rifomycins).

8-(n-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)formidoyl)-rifomycins (cas: 13292-46-1) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine is a fairly basic compound and is an amine solvent. Piperazine and its salts did not induce point mutations in a bacterial test. A series of mutagenicity studies in cells, both in vitro and in vivo, has been completed and showed no evidence of mutagenic effect.Quality Control of 8-(n-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)formidoyl)-rifomycins

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Phage resistance mutation triggered by OmpC deficiency in Klebsiella pneumoniae induced limited fitness costs was written by Cai, Ruopeng;Deng, Hewen;Song, Jinming;Zhang, Lei;Zhao, Rihong;Guo, Zhimin;Zhang, Xinxin;Zhang, Hao;Tian, Tian;Ji, Yalu;Shi, Kun;Li, Jianming;Diao, Naichao;Han, Wenyu;Gu, Jingmin;Du, Rui. And the article was included in Microbial Pathogenesis in 2022.Related Products of 62893-19-0 This article mentions the following:

Outer membrane proteins (OMPs) play an important role in bacterial fitness costs. Derived from the interaction between Klebsiella pneumoniae K7 and phage GH-K3, K7R_B is an outer membrane porin-deficient phage-resistant mutant strain triggered by ompC712 deletion, exhibits expression inhibition of OmpC, OmpN, KPN_02430 and OmpF, but its fitness costs and regulatory mechanism remains unknown. In this study, compared with K7, K7R_B showed almost unaffected growth rate, slightly decreased virulence, and increased resistance to some antibiotics. Transcriptome anal. showed that the pathways of glycerolipid metabolism and nitrogen metabolism in K7R_B were significantly inhibited, while the transcription of permeases belonging to ABC transporters tended to be active, nutrient uptakes such as citrate and phenylalanine were also enhanced. However, transcriptional up-regulation in K7R_B was inhibited by overexpression of OmpC, OmpN, KPN_02430 and OmpF in general. Overexpression of OmpN, KPN_02430 and OmpF, resp., restoring the sensitivity of strains to antibiotics to varying degrees, while OmpC overexpression aggravated the bacterial drug-resistance especially to β-lactam antibiotics. Besides, unlike OmpC and OmpF, overexpression of OmpN and KPN_02430 reduced bacterial virulence. In brief, by revealing the limited fitness costs of phage-resistant mutant K. pneumoniae with porin-deficiency, our study providing a reference for the design and development of drugs to inhibit the ways of bacterial metabolic rewiring and to increase fitness costs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (6R,7R)-7-((R)-2-(4-Ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazine-1-carboxamido)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido)-3-(((1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)thio)methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (cas: 62893-19-0Related Products of 62893-19-0).

(6R,7R)-7-((R)-2-(4-Ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazine-1-carboxamido)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido)-3-(((1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)thio)methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (cas: 62893-19-0) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine is a fairly basic compound and is an amine solvent. Intermediate for a wide range of pharmaceuticals, polymers, dyes, corrosion inhibitors, rubber accelerators and surfactants.Related Products of 62893-19-0

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel, potent, orally active hypoxia-inducible factor-1 inhibitors was written by Nagao, Satoshi;Yamane, Yoshinobu;Funasaka, Setsuo;Tanaka, Keigo;Miyazaki, Kazuki;Kotake, Yoshihiko;Kamata, Jun-ichi;Watanabe-Miyano, Saori;Toyama, Osamu;Ozawa, Yoichi;Mizui, Yoshiharu;Okamoto, Kiyoshi;Ito, Daisuke. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2014.SDS of cas: 147081-29-6 This article mentions the following:

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is the chief transcription factor regulating hypoxia-driven gene expression. HIF-1 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in several cancers and therefore represents an attractive target for novel antitumor agents. The authors explored small mol. inhibitors of the HIF-1 pathway. Using high-throughput-screening, the authors identified a benzanilide compound (IC₅₀ = 560 nM) as a seed. Subsequent extensive derivatization led to the discovery of compounds I and II d, with anti-HIF-1 activities in vitro (IC₅₀ = 21 and 0.47 nM, resp.), and in vivo. Addnl., I (12.5-100 mg/kg) also displayed in vivo antitumor efficacy, without influencing body weight In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-tert-Butyl 3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (cas: 147081-29-6SDS of cas: 147081-29-6).

(S)-tert-Butyl 3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (cas: 147081-29-6) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine belongs to the family of medicines called anthelmintics. Piperazine is an anthelminthic especially useful in the treatment of partial intestinal obstruction caused by Ascaris worms, which is a condition primarily seen in children. Piperazine hydrate and piperazine citrate are the main anthelminthic piperazines.SDS of cas: 147081-29-6

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

War against NRAS-mutant melanoma using targeted therapies remains challenging was written by Moschos, Stergios J.. And the article was included in Clinical Cancer Research in 2022.Product Details of 1211441-98-3 This article mentions the following:

In the search for targeting MAPK plus other pathways in NRAS-mutant melanoma, a phase Ib/II trial tested binimetinib plus ribociclib in metastatic melanoma. The response rate in the phase II trial was 19.5%, and the median progression-free survival was 3.7 mo. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 7-Cyclopentyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-((5-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide (cas: 1211441-98-3Product Details of 1211441-98-3).

7-Cyclopentyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-((5-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide (cas: 1211441-98-3) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine is a fairly basic compound and is an amine solvent. Piperazine is formed as a co-product in the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine. These are the only routes to the chemical used commercially.Product Details of 1211441-98-3

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Maternal cariprazine exposure inhibits embryonic and postnatal brain cholesterol biosynthesis was written by Genaro-Mattos, Thiago C.;Anderson, Allison;Allen, Luke B.;Tallman, Keri A.;Porter, Ned A.;Korade, Zeljka;Mirnics, Karoly. And the article was included in Molecular Psychiatry in 2020.Electric Literature of C21H32Cl2N4O This article mentions the following:

Cariprazine (CAR) is a strong inhibitor of the Dhcr7 enzyme, the last enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. We assessed the effects of CAR on maternally exposed Dhcr7⁺/^– and wild-type mouse offspring, and tested the biochem. effects of CAR in human serum samples. Dhcr7^+/- and wild-type time-pregnant mice were exposed to vehicle or 0.2 mg/kg CAR from E12 to E19. Levels of CAR, CAR metabolites, sterols, and oxysterols were measured in the brain of maternally exposed offspring at various time points using LC-MS/MS. Embryonic exposure to CAR significantly increased levels of 7-DHC in all organs of exposed embryos, with a particularly strong effect in the brain. Detectable levels of CAR and elevated 7-DHC were observed in the brain of newborn pups 14 days after drug exposure. In addition, CAR altered sterol metabolism in all animals analyzed, with the strongest effect on the brain of Dhcr7⁺/^– pups born to Dhcr7⁺/^– dams. Furthermore, CAR elevated toxic oxysterols in the brain of maternally exposed Dhcr7⁺/^– offspring to levels approaching those seen in a mouse model of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. Finally, we observed that patients taking CAR have elevated 7-DHC in their serum. In summary, maternal DHCR7 heterozygosity, combined with offspring DHCR7 heterozygosity might represent a vulnerability factor to medications that interfere with sterol biosynthesis. Due to the conserved sterol biosynthesis between mice and humans, we suggest that the 1-3% of patient population with single-allele DHCR7 mutations might not be ideal candidates for CAR use, especially if they are nursing, pregnant or plan to become pregnant. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(trans-4-(2-(4-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)cyclohexyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (cas: 839712-12-8Electric Literature of C21H32Cl2N4O).

3-(trans-4-(2-(4-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)cyclohexyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (cas: 839712-12-8) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine is a fairly basic compound and is an amine solvent. Two common salts in the form of which piperazine is usually prepared for pharmaceutical or veterinary purposes are the citrate, 3C4H10N2.2C6H8O7 (i.e. containing 3 molecules of piperazine to 2 molecules of citric acid), and the adipate, C4H10N2.C6H10O4 (containing 1 molecule each of piperazine and adipic acid).Electric Literature of C21H32Cl2N4O

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Structural basis for the potent and selective binding of LDN-212854 to the BMP receptor kinase ALK2 was written by Williams, Eleanor;Bullock, Alex N.. And the article was included in Bone (New York, NY, United States) in 2018.Reference of 1432597-26-6 This article mentions the following:

Individuals with the rare developmental disorder fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) experience disabling heterotopic ossification caused by a gain of function mutation in the intracellular region of the BMP type I receptor kinase ALK2, encoded by the gene ACVR1. Small mol. BMP type I receptor inhibitors that block this ossification in FOP mouse models have been derived from the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine scaffold of dorsomorphin. While the first derivative LDN-193189 exhibited pan inhibition of BMP receptors, the more recent compound LDN-212854 has shown increased selectivity for ALK2. Here we solved the crystal structure of ALK2 in complex with LDN-212854 to define how its binding interactions compare to previously reported BMP and TGFβ receptor inhibitors. LDN-212854 bound to the kinase hinge region as a typical type I ATP-competitive inhibitor with a single hydrogen bond to ALK2 His286. Specificity arising from the 5-quinoline moiety was associated with a distinct pattern of water-mediated hydrogen bonds involving Lys235 and Glu248 in the inactive conformation favored by ALK2. The structure of this complex provides a template for the design of future ALK2 inhibitors under development for the treatment of FOP and other related conditions of heterotopic ossification. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-(6-(4-(Piperazin-1-yl)phenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)quinoline (cas: 1432597-26-6Reference of 1432597-26-6).

5-(6-(4-(Piperazin-1-yl)phenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)quinoline (cas: 1432597-26-6) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine was first introduced as an anthelmintic in 1953. Piperazine compounds mediate their anthelmintic action by generally paralyzing parasites, allowing the host body to easily remove or expel the invading organism. Piperazine is formed as a co-product in the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine. These are the only routes to the chemical used commercially.Reference of 1432597-26-6

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Analysis of Risk Factors in Human Bioequivalence Study That Incur Bioinequivalence of Oral Drug Products was written by Yamashita, Shinji;Tachiki, Hidehisa. And the article was included in Molecular Pharmaceutics in 2009.Recommanded Product: 112457-95-1 This article mentions the following:

In the study of human bioequivalence (BE), newly developed oral products sometimes fail to prove BE with a reference product due to the high variability in pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters after oral absorption. In this study, risk factors that incur bioinequivalence in BE study were analyzed by applying the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS). Forty-four generic products were selected from a database of BE studies in the past 10 years at Towa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan), and 90% confidence interval (CI) of AUC and C_max in human BE study for all products were converted into coefficient of variation (CV₉₀). Then, the required number of subjects to confirm BE was estimated from the 90% CI in human BE study of new products. It was found that both the permeability of drugs to human intestinal membrane (P_eff) and the dose number calculated from their water solubility did not correlate well to CV₉₀ and the estimated subject number in human BE study, suggesting the contribution of other factors to cause the variability in oral drug absorption. As the PK parameter of drugs, the value of AUC/dose was calculated and plotted against CV₉₀ and the estimated subject number by classifying drugs into 4 BCS classes. For drugs in classes 1 and 3, AUC/dose gave a clear criterion to distinguish the drugs with a high risk of bioinequivalence, where drugs with low AUC/dose showed high CV₉₀ and large number of subjects. It was suggested that the high metabolic clearance (for class 1 drug) and low oral absorption (for class 3 drug) could be significant factors to incur bioinequivalence in human BE study, although for drugs in classes 2 and 4, clear factors were not defined. Consequently, for drugs in BCS classes 1 and 3, risks in human BE study to incur bioinequivalence could be predicted by calculating the AUC/dose. In the case of generic drugs, since the parameter of AUC/dose is available before initiating human BE study, this finding is expected to promote an efficient and cost-saving strategy for the development of oral drug products. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(3aR,4S,7R,7aS)-2-(4-(4-(Pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)butyl)hexahydro-1H-4,7-methanoisoindole-1,3(2H)-dione 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate (cas: 112457-95-1Recommanded Product: 112457-95-1).

rel-(3aR,4S,7R,7aS)-2-(4-(4-(Pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)butyl)hexahydro-1H-4,7-methanoisoindole-1,3(2H)-dione 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate (cas: 112457-95-1) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine is a fairly basic compound and is an amine solvent. Piperazine is formed as a co-product in the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine. These are the only routes to the chemical used commercially.Recommanded Product: 112457-95-1

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics