Key role of soluble epoxide hydrolase in the neurodevelopmental disorders of offspring after maternal immune activation was written by Ma, Min;Ren, Qian;Yang, Jun;Zhang, Kai;Xiong, Zhongwei;Ishima, Tamaki;Pu, Yaoyu;Hwang, Sung Hee;Toyoshima, Manabu;Iwayama, Yoshimi;Hisano, Yasuko;Yoshikawa, Takeo;Hammock, Bruce D.;Hashimoto, Kenji. And the article was included in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America in 2019.Electric Literature of C16H20F3N3O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Maternal infection during pregnancy increases risk of neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. In rodents, maternal immune activation (MIA) yields offspring with schizophrenia- and ASD-like behavioral abnormalities. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) plays a key role in inflammation associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Here we found higher levels of sEH in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of juvenile offspring after MIA. Oxylipin anal. showed decreased levels of epoxy fatty acids in the PFC of juvenile offspring after MIA, supporting increased activity of sEH in the PFC of juvenile offspring. Furthermore, expression of sEH (or EPHX2) mRNA in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurospheres from schizophrenia patients with the 22q11.2 deletion was higher than that of healthy controls. Moreover, the expression of EPHX2 mRNA in postmortem brain samples (Brodmann area 9 and 40) from ASD patients was higher than that of controls. Treatment with 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl)urea (TPPU), a potent sEH inhibitor, in juvenile offspring from prenatal day (P) 28 to P56 could prevent cognitive deficits and loss of parvalbumin (PV) immunoreactivity in the medial PFC of adult offspring after MIA. In addition, dosing of TPPU to pregnant mothers from E5 to P21 could prevent cognitive deficits, and social interaction deficits and PV immunoreactivity in the medial prefrontal cortex of juvenile offspring after MIA. These findings suggest that increased activity of sEH in the PFC plays a key role in the etiol. of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring after MIA. Therefore, sEH represents a promising prophylactic or therapeutic target for neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring after MIA. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1-(1-Propionylpiperidin-4-yl)-3-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)urea (cas: 1222780-33-7Electric Literature of C16H20F3N3O3).
1-(1-Propionylpiperidin-4-yl)-3-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)urea (cas: 1222780-33-7) belongs to piperidine derivatives. The piperidine ring can be found not only in more than half of the currently known structures of alkaloids, but also in many natural or synthetic compounds with interesting biological activities. Piperidine derivatives are being utilized in different ways as anticancer, antiviral, antimalarial, antimicrobial, antifungal, antihypertension, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-Alzheimer, antipsychotic and/or anticoagulant agents.Electric Literature of C16H20F3N3O3
Referemce:
Piperidine – Wikipedia,
Piperidine | C5H11N – PubChem