In organic chemistry, atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are generally referred to as heteroatoms. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Now I present to you an article called Selectively Measuring π Back-Donation in Gold(I) Complexes by NMR Spectroscopy, published in 2015, which mentions a compound: 175136-62-6, mainly applied to gold complex NMR Eyring plot Tolman electronic parameter DFT; NMR spectroscopy; bond theory; density functional calculations; gold; ligands, Application of 175136-62-6.
Even though the Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson model has been successfully used by chemists since the 1950s, no exptl. methodol. is yet known to unambiguously estimate the constituents (donation and back-donation) of a metal-ligand interaction. It is demonstrated here that one of these components, the metal-to-ligand π back-donation, can be effectively probed by NMR measurements aimed at determining the rotational barrier of a C-N bond (ΔHr≠) of a nitrogen acyclic carbene ligand. A large series of gold(I) complexes have been synthesized and analyzed, and it was found that the above exptl. observables show an accurate correlation with back-donation, as defined theor. by the appropriate charge displacement originated upon bond formation. The proposed method is potentially of wide applicability for analyzing the ligand effect in metal catalysts and guiding their design.
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Reference:
Piperidine – Wikipedia,
Piperidine | C5H11N – PubChem