In homogeneous catalysis, the catalyst is in the same phase as the reactant. The number of collisions between reactants and catalyst is at a maximum.In a patent, 177-11-7, name is 1,4-Dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane, introducing its new discovery. Safety of 1,4-Dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane
Vasopressin 1b (V1b) antagonists have been postulated as possible treatments for depression and anxiety. A novel series of potent and selective V1b antagonists has been identified starting from an in-house screen hit. The incorporation of a sulfonamide linker between a tetrahydroisoquinoline core and amino piperidine lead to the identification of a V1b antagonist with similar affinity for human and rat receptors. Further optimization of the right hand portion afforded potent V1b antagonists that possessed moderate to high selectivity over other receptors.
The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 177-11-7 is helpful to your research. Safety of 1,4-Dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane
Reference：
Piperidine – Wikipedia,
Piperidine | C5H7171N – PubChem