Synthesis of metabolism-resistant substrates for the transport system for cationic amino acids. Their stimulation of the release of insulin and glucagon, and of the urinary loss of amino acids related to cystinuria was written by Christensen, Halvor N.;Cullen, Andrea M.. And the article was included in Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Biomembranes in 1973.Recommanded Product: 33439-27-9 This article mentions the following:
Renal tubular transport (resorption) of citrulline [372-75-8] in rats did not occur by the same system serving for the basic amino acids or by the system serving for cystine [56-89-3], despite observed interactions in the resorption of these amino acids. Administration i.p. of the cationic arginine analog DL-1-guanyl-4-piperidineglycine (I) [41021-57-2] (5 mmoles/kg) selectively increased urinary excretion (i.e. inhibited resorption) of citrulline compared to that of basic amino acids (lysine [56-87-1], ornithine [70-26-8], arginine [74-79-3]). 4-Amino-1-guanylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid (II) [31364-50-8] increased excretion of both citrulline and basic amino acids, and the citrulline analog 4-amino-1-carbamoylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid (III) [40951-38-0], which did exist in cationic form, also increased the excretion of basic amino acids. I, II, and III increased cystine excretion, with I having the least effect. 4-Aminopiperidine-4-carboxylic acid (IV) [40951-39-1] and 4-piperidineglycine (V) [40951-40-4], like I, stimulated mainly citrulline excretion, and had little effect on excretion of basic amino acids or cystine. A mutual inhibitory interaction between citrulline and the basic amino acids not based on a shared transport route was postulated. Citrulline lost may thus be causally related to the loss of other amino acids in cystinuria. I, II, and homoarginine [156-86-5] mimicked the action of arginine and lysine and stimulated the release of insulin [9004-10-8] and glucagon [9007-92-5] from the pancreas in rats in vivo. II-V were metabolized slowly or not at all by the rat. Excretion of II-V was biphasic, with 43-63% of the dose lost during the 1st 6 hr and the hourly loss declining exponentially thereafter with a half-life varying from 10 hr for IV to 46 hr for II. Preparation of IV by the Strecker synthesis, its guanylation and carbamoylation to II and III, resp., and the radioactive labeling of several compounds were described, along with the synthesis of 1,4-diaminocyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid [40951-41-5], used in studies reported elsewhere. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Tosylpiperidin-4-one (cas: 33439-27-9Recommanded Product: 33439-27-9).
1-Tosylpiperidin-4-one (cas: 33439-27-9) belongs to piperidine derivatives. Piperidine is a metabolite of cadaverine, a polyamine found in the human intestine. Piperidine prefers a chair conformation, similar to cyclohexane. Unlike cyclohexane, piperidine has two distinguishable chair conformations: one with the N–H bond in an axial position, and the other in an equatorial position.Recommanded Product: 33439-27-9
Referemce:
Piperidine – Wikipedia,
Piperidine | C5H11N – PubChem