Ultrasound Treatment Enhanced Semidry-Milled Rice Flour Properties and Gluten-Free Rice Bread Quality was written by Qin, Wanyu;Xi, Huihan;Wang, Aixia;Gong, Xue;Chen, Zhiying;He, Yue;Wang, Lili;Liu, Liya;Wang, Fengzhong;Tong, Litao. And the article was included in Molecules in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 4-Oxo-tempo This article mentions the following:
The structural and functional properties of phys. modified rice flour, including ultrasound treated rice flour (US), microwave treated rice flour (MW) and hydrothermal treated rice flour (HT) were investigated with wet-milled rice flour (WF) used as a pos. control. The results showed the presence of small dents and pores on the rice flour granules of US and MW while more fragments and cracks were showed in HT. XRD and FTIR revealed that moderate ultrasonic treatment promoted the orderly arrangement of starch while hydrothermal treatment destroyed the crystalline structure of rice flour. In addition, the significant decrease of gelatinization enthalpy and the narrowing gelatinization temperature were observed in US. Compared to that of SF, adding phys. modified rice flour led to a batter with higher viscoelasticity and lower tan 未. However, the batter added HT exhibited highest G ‘ and G” values and lowest tan 未, which led to a harder texture of bread. Texture anal. demonstrated that phys. modified rice flour (except HT) reduced the hardness, cohesion, and gumminess of rice bread. Especially, the sp. volume of bread with US increased by 15.6% and the hardness decreased by 17.6%. This study suggested that ultrasound treatment of rice flour could improve texture properties and appearance of rice bread. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Oxo-tempo (cas: 2896-70-0Application In Synthesis of 4-Oxo-tempo).
4-Oxo-tempo (cas: 2896-70-0) belongs to piperidine derivatives.Piperidine is a key saturated heterocyclic scaffold found in several of the top-selling small molecule pharmaceuticals and natural alkaloids, with a diverse range of biological activities. Piperidine prefers a chair conformation, similar to cyclohexane. Unlike cyclohexane, piperidine has two distinguishable chair conformations: one with the N鈥揌 bond in an axial position, and the other in an equatorial position.Application In Synthesis of 4-Oxo-tempo
Referemce:
Piperidine – Wikipedia,
Piperidine | C5H11N – PubChem